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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ophthalmology. 2010 Sep 29;118(3):574–580. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.06.039

Table 4.

Adjusted Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) Meana Composite and Sub-scale Scores Stratified by Strabismus or Amblyopia Status, The Multiethnic Pediatric Eye Disease Study.

Non-Strabismus (N=4,097) Strabismus (N=121) Non-Amblyopia (N=3,247) Amblyopia (N=71)
LS Meanb LS Mean p value LS Mean LS Mean p value
Total Scale Score 91.8 88.0 <0.01 92.0 92.0 0.94
Physical Health Summary Score 94.1 90.2 <0.01 94.3 95.7 0.31
Psychosocial Health Summary Score 90.4 86.7 <0.01 90.5 89.6 0.60
 Emotional Functioning 87.2 81.9 <0.01 87.0 85.5 0.52
 Social Functioning 93.1 90.8 0.06 93.3 94.9 0.40
 School Functioning 90.5 86.0 0.01 90.8 90.5 0.90
a

Adjusted for age, gender, race and family Income; significant p-values are bolded.

b

LS means (least square means) are within-group means appropriately adjusted for the other effects in the model.