Table 1.
Gene categories and DNA repeats
| Gene/gene families in the largest (>100 kb) inverted repeats (IR) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Chromosome | IR arm size (kb) | Gene/gene class | Tissues with predominant expression |
| Y palindrome P1 | 1,450.0 | DAZ | Testes |
| Y palindrome P5 | 495.5 | CDY | Testes |
| Y palindrome P3 | 283.0 | PRY | Testes |
| Y palindrome P4 | 190.2 | HSFY | Testes |
| Xp11.22 | 142.2 | GAGE-D2,3 | Testes |
| Xq22.1 | 140.6 | NXF2 | Testes |
| Y palindrome P2 | 122.0 | DAZ | Testes |
| Xq13.1 | 119.3 | DMRTC1 | Testes, kidney, pancreas |
| 11q14.3 | 103.9 | RNF18 | Testes, kidney, spleen |
| Purine:pyrimidine tracts in introns of genes | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Gene category/function | P value | ||
| ≥250 nt (228 genes) | ≥100 nt (1,951 genes) | ||
| Ion channel activity | 1.95E-05 | 5.92E-09 | |
| Protein binding | 3.14E-03 | 6.25E-15 | |
| Glutamate receptor activity | 6.11E-04 | 1.92E-07 | |
| Cell adhesion | 1.11E-04 | 3.36E-12 | |
| Cell communication | 2.19E-04 | 5.24E-15 | |
| Transmission of nerve impulse | 1.83E-04 | 5.24E-08 | |
| Synapse | 2.18E-02 | 7.69E-05 | |
| Alternative splicing | ND | 2E-82 | |
| Chromosomal translocations | ND | 1E-07 | |
| Tetranucleotide repeats (TR) in introns of genes | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Gene category/function/attribute | P value | ||
| Localization to the membrane | 1E-07–5E-30 | (Range for 10 gene groups containing: groups 1–8, 8–15 TR units; group 9, 16 and 17 TR units; group 10, ≥18 TR units; 190–1,423 genes/group) | |
| Ion channel | 5E-02–1E-13 | ||
| Cell adhesion | 8E-04–2E-37 | ||
| DNA alternative splicing | 1E-64 | ≥8 TR units (4,182 genes) | |
| Chromosomal translocations | 2E-07 | ≥8 TR units (4,182 genes) | |
| Micro/minisatellites (2–11 nt repeats) in cDNAs | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Gene category/function | P value (coding plus non-coding exons) (2,626 genes) | ||
| Transcription regulator activity | 2.0E-40 | ||
| Regulation of cellular processes | 2.3E-38 | ||
| Protein binding | 2.0E-33 | ||
| Sequence-specific DNA binding | 3.8E-23 | ||
| Nuclear localization | 9.3E-22 | ||
| RNA pol. II transcription factor activity | 1.2E-16 | ||
| Axon guidance | 2.3E-05 | ||
| MAPK signaling pathway | 2.1E-04 | ||
| WNT signaling pathway | 2.4E-04 | ||
| G-quadruplex in both 5′- and 3′-UTR | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Gene category/function | P value | ||
| 5′-UTR | 3′-UTR | ||
| Guanyl-nt exchange factor activity | 7.9E-13 | 6.3E-12 | |
| Rho guanyl-nt exchange factor activity | 7.9E-10 | 1.6E-09 | |
| Regulation of Rho signal transduction | 2.0E-10 | 1.6E-09 | |
| Transcription factor activity | 6.3E-05 | 3.2E-10 | |
| Sequence-specific DNA binding | 2.5E-06 | 3.2E-08 | |
ND Not determined