Table 2. Substrate influence median lethal dose.

Fungal application method/substrates	LC50 m−2 *	LC90 m−2 *
‘Dry’ conidia on tissue paper	2.4 (2.0–2.8)×107	1.5 (1.1–2.0)×108
‘Dry’ conidia on peat	2.5 (2.1–3.0)×107	1.7 (1.2–2.3)×108
‘Dry’ conidia on manure	6.0 (3.6–10.0)×107	2.1 (0.5–8.2)×109
‘Wet’ conidia on tissue paper	9.0 (5.7–14.1)×107	4.5 (1.2–16.7)×109

Adult midges were exposed to substrates treated with different doses (0, 10⁸, 10⁹, 10¹⁰ and 10¹¹ m⁻²) of ‘dry’ and ‘wet’ conidia of Metarhizium anisopliae V275 at 20±1°C. Controls were not exposed to any fungus (‘0’ doses). Dead midges were collected daily from each container for 6 days and kept at 25°C for sporulation.

* =  Mean lethal dose estimated from five doses (four replicates/dose; approximately 40 adult males and females/replicate). 95% Confidence intervals in parentheses.