Table 1.
Characteristics of Patient Participants (n = 126)
| Characteristic | Number (%) |
|---|---|
| Sex* | |
| Male | 63 (50) |
| Race | |
| White | 80 (65) |
| Black | 12 (10) |
| Hispanic | 8 (6) |
| Other | 26 (19) |
| Education | |
| Not a high school graduate | 20 (16) |
| High school graduate | 17 (14) |
| Some university/college | 33 (26) |
| University/college degree | 56 (44) |
| Annual household income | |
| ≤$20,000 | 45 (36) |
| $20,001 to $60,000 | 35 (28) |
| $60,001 to $100,000 | 21 (17) |
| ≥$100,000 | 25 (20) |
| Employment status | |
| Working full time or part time | 63 (50) |
| On disability | 43 (34) |
| Homemaker | 5 (4) |
| Student | 3 (2) |
| Unemployed | 5 (4) |
| Retired | 7 (6) |
| Smoking status | |
| Daily or occasional | 52 (41) |
| Non-smoker | 63 (50) |
| No response | 11 (9) |
| Grey or white hair* | 58 (46) |
| Facial hair* | 29 (23) |
| Male pattern baldness* | 40 (32) |
| Glasses* | 29 (23) |
| Count of chronic conditions† | |
| 0 | 64 (51) |
| 1 | 37 (29) |
| 2 | 12 (10) |
| ≥3 | 13 (10) |
| Physical health score‡ | |
| ≥0.5 SD (5 points) below norm | 51 (41) |
| ≥1.0 SD (10 points) below norm | 42 (33) |
| ≥1.5 SD (15 points) below norm | 28 (22) |
| ≥2.0 SD (20 points) below norm | 22 (18) |
| Mental health score‡ | |
| ≥0.5 SD (5 points) below norm | 58 (46) |
| ≥1.0 SD (10 points) below norm | 50 (40) |
| ≥1.5 SD (15 points) below norm | 34 (27) |
| ≥2.0 SD (20 points) below norm | 26 (21) |
| Physical and/or mental health score‡ | |
| ≥0.5 SD (5 points) below norm | 79 (63) |
| ≥1.0 SD (10 points) below norm | 70 (56) |
| ≥1.5 SD (15 points) below norm | 53 (42) |
| ≥2.0 SD (20 points) below norm | 43 (34) |
*Assessed on the basis of the patient’s photograph (see text for details).
†Based on self-report, selecting from a list of eight specified conditions: (1) heart disease, such as angina, heart attack, or congestive heart failure (CHF); (2) lung disease, such as asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); (3) liver disease, such as cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis; (4) intestinal or stomach ulcers, or other bowel disorders, such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis; (5) kidney failure or chronic kidney disease; (6) diabetes; (7) arthritis; and (8) stroke
‡Assessed by the SF-12 and classified using four different criteria based on number of standard deviations below the age group norm (see text for details)