Figure 5.

Up-regulation of endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ transporting and binding proteins in activated hepatic stellate cells. Changes in the expression level of 3 isoforms of the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ ATPase (SERCA) (A), inositol triphosphate receptor (IP₃R) (B), ryanodine receptor (RyR) (C) and Ca²⁺ binding chaperones (D) during the culture periods (1 d, 1 wk and 2 wk) were measured by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis. Expression levels were normalized to GAPDH and expressed as a relative expression ratio (target/GAPDH). Data are presented as the mean ± SE (n = 3). CSQ: Calsequestrin, CNX: Calnexin, and CRL: Calreticulin.