. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 May 24.

Published in final edited form as: Arch Intern Med. 2010 May 24;170(10):896–904. doi: 10.1001/archinternmed.2010.116

Table 4. Institutionalized and Everyday Racism and All-Cause Mortality by Education.

Variable	No. of Deaths	Person-Years	HR (95% CI)

			Age Adjusted	Fully Adjusted
Institutional Racism Summary Variable (n=920)^a
<High school
Category 1	27	3111	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]
Category 2	4	1444	0.4 (0.1-1.1)	0.3 (0.1-1.0)
Category 3	4	1161	0.5 (0.2-1.4)	0.4 (0.1-1.4)
Category 4	4	538	1.2 (0.4-3.4)	1.0 (0.3-3.2)
P value for trend			.47	.50
High school graduate
Category 1	83	20 593	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]
Category 2	62	16 734	1.0 (0.7-1.4)	1.1 (0.8-1.5)
Category 3	34	10 186	0.9 (0.6-1.3)	0.9 (0.6-1.4)
Category 4	12	4317	0.8 (0.4-1.5)	0.8 (0.5-1.6)
P value for trend			.41	.69
Some college
Category 1	78	42 680	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]
Category 2	100	47 757	1.2 (0.9-1.5)	1.1 (0.8-1.5)
Category 3	68	34 069	1.0 (0.7-1.4)	1.0 (0.7-1.4)
Category 4	40	15 215	1.4 (0.9-2.0)	1.3 (0.9-1.9)
P value for trend			.26	.40
College graduate
Category 1	87	51 138	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]
Category 2	99	63 303	1.0 (0.7-1.3)	0.9 (0.7-1.2)
Category 3	89	49 505	0.9 (0.7-1.3)	1.0 (0.7-1.3)
Category 4	31	22 258	0.7 (0.5-1.1)	0.8 (0.5-1.1)
P value for trend			.21	.30

Everyday Racism Summary Variable (n=920)^a
<High school
Quartile 1	17	2175	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]
Quartile 2	13	1781	1.0 (0.5-2.1)	1.1 (0.5-2.5)
Quartile 3	7	1539	0.8 (0.3-1.9)	0.8 (0.3-2.1)
Quartile 4	14	1595	1.9 (0.9-4.0)	0.3 (0.1-0.5)
P value for trend			.23	.11
High school graduate
Quartile 1	87	13 169	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]
Quartile 2	58	15 178	0.7 (0.5-1.0)	0.7 (0.5-1.0)
Quartile 3	32	13 847	0.5 (0.3-0.8)	0.5 (0.4-0.8)
Quartile 4	31	12 267	0.7 (0.4-1.0)	0.7 (0.4-1.0)
P value for trend			.005	.01
Some college
Quartile 1	80	26 075	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]
Quartile 2	83	39 810	0.8 (0.6-1.1)	0.8 (0.6-1.1)
Quartile 3	70	39 642	0.8 (0.6-1.1)	0.8 (0.6-1.1)
Quartile 4	62	36 749	0.9 (0.7-1.3)	0.9 (0.6-1.2)
P value for trend			.63	.35
College graduate
Quartile 1	62	31 335	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]
Quartile 2	86	54 248	1.0 (0.7-1.4)	1.0 (0.7-1.4)
Quartile 3	83	56 919	1.1 (0.8-1.5)	1.1 (0.8-1.5)
Quartile 4	74	45 569	1.4 (1.0-1.9)	1.3 (0.9-1.8)
P value for trend			.07	.15

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio.

For a description of institutionalized and everyday racism summary variable categories and quartiles, see footnote b in Table 1 and Table 2, respectively.