RNA silencing of Sp1, Sp3, or N-Myc reduces promoter activity. Rat astrocytes were transfected with 10 nm DsiRNAs specific for Sp1, Sp3, Sp4, or N-Myc and 24 h later transfected with luciferase reporter plasmids containing the −398/+197-bp fragment. After 48 h, cell lysates were prepared and protein levels were assessed by immunoblotting (A and B) relative to calnexin. C, promoter activity (relative luciferase units, RLU) normalized for transfection efficiency by co-transfection with pSV-β-Gal vector. Data are mean ± S.D. from at least three independent experiments. *, p < 0.01; **, p < 0.02; ***, p < 0.05 versus negative control (non-targeting 27-mer RNA duplex (NegCtrl)).