Figure 6.

Rescue of cellular energy crisis through mitochondria biogenesis and alteration of glycogen and lipid metabolic pathways. (a) HCT116 cells were treated with propionate at different concentrations for 24 h (top) or with 3 mM propionate for the indicated times (bottom). The expression level of fatty acid synthase and GSK-3β was determined by western blot. The expression profile of genes regulating mitochondrial biogenesis in HCT116 cells after propionate treatment was evaluated by both semiquantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) (b) and Real-time PCR (c). The bars represent the mean±S.E. (n=4). Nuclear gene mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam); mitochondrial transcription factor B (mtTFB); nuclear respiratory factors-1 and 2 (NRF-1 and -2); DNA polymerase gamma (Pol-γ); and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ co-activator 1 (PGC-1). (d) The protein level of mitochondrial redox carriers' subunits was examined by western blot