TABLE 1.
Class | Target | Function inhibited |
---|---|---|
β-Lactams | PBPs | Peptidoglycan synthesis |
Glycopeptides | d-Ala-d-Ala of lipid II | Peptidoglycan synthesis |
Macrolides | rRNA of 50S ribosome subunit | Protein synthesis |
Lincosamides | rRNA of 50S ribosome subunit | Protein synthesis |
Chloramphenicol | rRNA of 50S ribosome subunit | Protein synthesis |
Oxazolidinones | rRNA of 50S ribosome subunit | Protein synthesis |
Tetracyclines | rRNA of 30S ribosome subunit | Protein synthesis |
Aminoglycosidesa | rRNA of 30S ribosome subunit | Protein synthesis/ mistranslation |
Fluoroquinolones | Topoisomerases (DNA gyrase, topoisomerase IV) | DNA replication |
Daptomycin | Membranes | |
Metronidazole | DNA |
Streptomycin, an aminoglycoside, is an exception in that it targets a ribosomal protein, and single-step resistance can occur by mutation in its gene, rpsL.