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. 2010 Oct 17;165(2):301–310. doi: 10.1007/s00442-010-1804-0

Table 1.

Sample sizes and pathway destinies for larvae of P. napi, A. levana and P. aegeria that were transferred between long day and short day treatments in different instars (left side of table); the models obtained from a logistic regression with pathway [diapause (0), direct (1)] used as response variable and the sex of each larva and the instar of transfer used as predictor variables (right side of table)

Instar Pathway Statistics (log. regr.)
Direct Diapause Dir. dev. (%) χ 2 df P
P. napi
 Long day → short day
  I 1 29 3.3
  II–III 2 32 6.3 Sex 0.29 1 0.5886
  IV 11 24 31.4 Instar moved 86 4 <0.001
  V 49 7 87.5
 Short day → long day
  I 26 0 100
  II–III 44 1 97.8 Sex 0.046 1 0.83
  IV 43 2 95.6 Instar moved 73.9 4 <0.001
  V 22 34 39.3
A. levana
 Long day → short day
  I 0 29 0
  II 0 29 0 Sex 0.68 1 0.41
  III 0 28 0 Instar moved 126.5 4 <0.001
  IV 11 18 37.9
  V 27 0 100
 Short day → long day
  I 30 0 100
  II 26 0 100 Sex 0.14 1 0.71
  III 29 0 100 Instar moved 54.8 4 <0.001
  IV 29 0 100
  V 15 15 50
P. aegeria
 Long day → short day
  II 0 10 0 Sexa 7.45 1 0.0063
  III 0 22 0 Instar moved 57.1 2 <0.001
  IV 7a 24a 22.6
 Short day → long day
  II 12 0 100 Sex NAb NA NA
  III 28 0 100 Instar moved NA NA NA
  IV 22 0 100

Significant differences are highlighted in bold

aSix of 13 males entered diapause whereas only 1 of 18 females entered diapause when transferred to the short day treatment in the ultimate instar

bNo variation in dataset