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. 2011 Jan 17;6(1):e16241. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016241

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Liu et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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A. Immunohistochemical staining of CD8⁺ T cells in human colon cancer specimens. CD8 immunoreactivity is shown as the brown-stained cells, whereas cells that are unreactive are indicated by the blue counterstain. Shown are representative images. a&b: adenoma; c&d: adenocarcinoma; e: liver metastases. B. Quantification of the number of CD8⁺ T cells in the colon cancer specimens. The number of CD8⁺ T cells in each specimen printed on the TMA as shown in A was counted. Each dot represents the average number of CD8⁺ T cells of three sections of the same tumor specimen (left panel). The mean CD8⁺ T cell number are: adenoma: 79.4, adenocarcinoma: 37.45, and liver/lung metastases: 25.69. Right panel: Statistical analysis of CD8⁺ T cells between different stages of tumors. One-way analysis of variance was used with a Bonferroni multiple comparison procedure to test for pair-wise post hoc differences between the three types of tumor specimens. Adenoma has a significantly higher mean CD8⁺ T cells than adenocarcinoma (p = 0.0051) and liver/lung metastases (p = 0.0036). Adenocarcinoma was not significantly different than liver/lung metastases in mean CD8⁺ T cells (p = 0.4957).