PRC for a leaky integrate and fire neuron with a monotonically increasing evolution function (V(ϕ)). (A) Plot of membrane potential (V(ϕ)) versus the phase (ϕ) with V' (ϕ) > 0 and V'' (ϕ) < 0. Since V(ϕ) is monotonic, the order ϕ1,old < ϕ2,old is preserved after a ε perturbation (ε> 0) so that ϕ1,new < ϕ2,new. (B) The PRC as given by (24). As a result of the perturbation in (A), the old phases are advanced to new phases resulting in new phase resettings as indicated. Note that the slope of the PRC i.e. f '1(ϕ) is 1 for ϕ near 1 since the PRC in these cases is constrained by causality.