Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study participants by intervention group
| Characteristic | CR only (n=22) |
CR + moderate intensity (n=22) |
CR + vigorous-intensity (n=17) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 58.1 ± 1.2 | 58.3 ± 1.2 | 57.2 ± 1.3 |
| Weight, kg | 90.2 ± 10.6 | 87.3 ± 9.5 | 92.2 ± 13.0 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 33.3 ± 4.1 | 32.9 ± 3.5 | 33.6 ± 3.9 |
| Total fat mass, kg | 38.7 ± 7.0 | 37.7 ± 5.6 | 40.9 ± 8.1 |
| Trunk fat, kg | 19.0 ± 4.0 | 18.5 ± 3.1 | 19.4 ± 4.4 |
| Lean mass, kg | 54.3 ± 5.0 | 51.9 ± 5.5 | 54.0 ± 5.6 |
| Total body fat, % | 41.4 ± 3.9 | 42.0 ± 3.1 | 42.8 ± 3.2 |
| Abdominal VAT, cm3 | 2332 ± 889 | 2348 ± 901 | 2390 ± 844 |
| Abdominal SAT, cm3 | 5772 ± 1595 | 5963 ± 3132 | 6011 ± 2017 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 100.0 ± 8.5 | 98.7 ± 7.9 | 99.3 ± 9.3 |
| Hip circumference, cm | 117.3 ± 8.6 | 118.5 ± 9.5 | 119.5 ± 9.5 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.85 ± 0.07 | 0.84 ± 0.09 | 0.83 ± 0.06 |
| VO2 max, ml/kg/min | 20.7 ± 3.0 | 21.3 ± 2.8 | 19.6 ± 3.3 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dl | 198 ± 34 | 186 ± 38 | 210 ± 32 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dl | 121 ± 30 | 109 ± 29 | 131 ± 30 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dl | 49 ± 13 | 49 ± 10 | 51 ± 10 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dl | 143 ± 86 | 143 ± 48 | 138 ± 55 |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 128 ± 16 | 126 ± 19 | 134 ± 19 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 74 ± 8 | 77 ± 7 | 76 ± 9 |
Table values are mean ± SD. No significant differences among groups were observed for any variable. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; VAT, visceral adipose tissue; SAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue; VO2 max, maximal oxygen consumption; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; BP, blood pressure