FIGURE 1.
Reduced helper activity of aged naive T cells can be enhanced with TLR-binding adjuvant. Young or aged TCR Tg CD4 T cells (1 × 106) were transferred into young CD4KO hosts which were then immunized i.p. with 200 µg of NP-PCC/alum alone (A) or with poly(I:C) (50 µg; B). The number of NP-specific cells and GC cells (CD38lowPNAhigh) in the spleen on day 14 was determined by flow cytometry using NP-allophycocyanin. Results shown are mean ± SE from a representative experiment. *, p < 0.05 by Student’s t test.