Table 3.
Measures for estimation of biological interaction between low HDL cholesterol and nonuse of metformin for the risk of cancer in type 2 diabetes
| Measures of biological interaction | Estimate (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|
| Between HDL cholesterol <1.0 mmol/L and nonuse of metformin | ||
| Model 1*† | ||
| RERI |
3.00 (−0.14 to 6.14) |
0.0611 |
| AP |
0.49 (0.18–0.79)‡ |
0.0017 |
| S |
2.38 (1.07–5.28) |
0.1091 |
| Model 2*†‡ |
||
| RERI |
2.55 (−0.49 to 5.60) |
0.0999 |
| AP |
0.44 (0.11–0.78)‡ |
0.0105 |
| S | 2.17 (0.94–4.99) | 0.1331 |
*Adjusted for LDL cholesterol–related risk indicators (LDL cholesterol ≥3.8 mmol/L and LDL cholesterol <2.8 mmol/L plus albuminuria), HDL cholesterol ≥1.30 mmol/L, and the nonlinear association of triglyceride with cancer.
†Further adjusted for age, sex, employment status, smoking status, alcohol intake, duration of diabetes, BMI (≥27.6 or <24.0 kg/m2), A1C, and systolic blood pressure at enrollment and use of statins, fibrates, other lipid-lowering drugs, ACE inhibitors/ARBs, and insulin during follow-up.
‡Stratified Cox model analyses on deciles of the propensity score of use of metformin were used to control for likelihood of starting metformin therapy during follow-up.