Table 2.
Associations between risk factors and incident diabetes
| 95% CI | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | Lower bound | Upper bound | Significance | |
| Model 1 | ||||
| Age (years) | 1.046 | 1.036 | 1.056 | <0.001 |
| Male | 1.382 | 1.139 | 1.678 | 0.001 |
| Endotoxin quartiles* | 1.000 | <0.001† | ||
| Q1 | ||||
| Q2 | 1.073 | 0.768 | 1.498 | 0.681 |
| Q3 | 1.703 | 1.255 | 2.309 | 0.001 |
| Q4 | 2.751 | 2.071 | 3.654 | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | ||||
| Age (years) | 1.040 | 1.028 | 1.053 | <0.001 |
| Male | 1.194 | 0.938 | 1.520 | 0.150 |
| Education (years) | 0.989 | 0.958 | 1.022 | 0.512 |
| Family history of diabetes | 1.481 | 1.187 | 1.848 | 0.001 |
| Free-time physical inactivity | 1.370 | 1.094 | 1.715 | 0.006 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.098 | 0.983 | 1.226 | 0.097 |
| HDL (mmol/L) | 0.438 | 0.292 | 0.659 | <0.001 |
| Smoking | ||||
| Never | 1.000 | 0.062† | ||
| Former | 0.994 | 0.768 | 1.288 | 0.965 |
| Current | 1.335 | 1.028 | 1.734 | 0.030 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.090 | 0.994 | 1.194 | 0.066 |
| GGT (U/L) | 1.001 | 1.000 | 1.002 | 0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 1.149 | 1.128 | 1.171 | <0.001 |
| Hypertensive | 0.869 | 0.708 | 1.067 | 0.179 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 1.017 | 1.005 | 1.030 | 0.007 |
| Endotoxin quartiles* | ||||
| Q1 | 1.000 | 0.012† | ||
| Q2 | 0.939 | 0.652 | 1.351 | 0.733 |
| Q3 | 1.233 | 0.885 | 1.718 | 0.216 |
| Q4 | 1.518 | 1.090 | 2.114 | 0.013 |
*Endotoxin quartiles: Q1 2.40–38.10 EU/mL, Q2 38.20–54.10 EU/mL, Q3 54.20–77.0 EU/mL, Q4 77.10–475.8 EU/mL.
†P for trend.