TABLE 1.
Characteristics of the Study Population
| Variable | Low Risk (N = 309) | High Risk (N = 165) |
|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD, y | 17.8 ± 3.4 | 18.3 ± 3.4 |
| Female, n (%) | 197 (63.8) | 114 (69.1) |
| Nonwhite, n (%)a | 184 (59.5) | 120 (72.7) |
| Smoker, n | 5 | 6 |
| Height, mean ± SD, cm | 166 ± 11 | 167 ± 10 |
| Weight, mean ± SD, kga | 67 ± 20 | 107 ± 21 |
| BMI, mean ± SD, kg/m2a | 24.2 ± 6.2 | 38.5 ± 7.2 |
| Systolic BP, mean ± SD, mm Hg | 109 ± 10 | 118 ± 11 |
| Diastolic BP, mean ± SD, mm Hga | 61 ± 12 | 66 ± 13 |
| Total cholesterol, mean ± SD, mg/dLa | 163 ± 28 | 174 ± 33 |
| LDL cholesterol, mean ± SD, mg/dLa | 92 ± 23 | 107 ± 30 |
| HDL cholesterol, mean ± SD, mg/dLa | 56 ± 13 | 46 ± 11 |
| Triglycerides, mean ± SD, mg/dLa | 73 ± 32 | 107 ± 66 |
| Fasting insulin, mean ± SD, mIU/mLa | 12 ± 4 | 25 ± 17 |
| Fasting glucose, mean ± SD, mg/dLa | 89 ± 6 | 93 ± 8 |
| Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistanceb | 2.6 ± 1 | 6.0 ± 4.7 |
| Hemoglobin A1c, mean ± SD, %a | 5.4 ± 0.5 | 5.5 ± 0.4 |
LDL indicates low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein.
a
Significant group differences (P < .05).
b
The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance was calculated as (glucose in mmol/L × fasting insulin)/22.5.