Table 1.

Drug-metabolizing enzyme genetically modified mouse models.

Gene	Category	Example applications	Reference
Cyp1a1	Knockout	Gene expression and function	(Dalton et al., 2000)
Cyp1a2	Knockout	Potential physiological role of Cyp1a2 Metabolism of xenobiotics	(Pineau et al., 1995) (Liang et al., 1996)
Cyp1a1/1a2 CYP1A1/1A2	Knockout Humanized	Assess the risk of environmental toxicant	(Dragin et al., 2007)
Cyp1b1	Knockout	Evaluate the role of Cyp1b1 in DMBA carcinogenesis	(Buters et al., 1999)
Cyp2a5 CYP2A6	Knockout Transgenic	Role of Cyp2a5 in clearance of nicotine and cotinine Function of CYP2A6 in coumarin metabolism	(Zhou et al., 2009) (Zhang et al., 2005)
CYP2C18/ 2C19	Transgenic	Gene expression and function in drug metabolism	(Lofgren et al., 2008; Lofgren et al., 2009)
CYP2D6	Transgenic/ humanized	Debrisoquine metabolism and disposition Indolealkylamine metabolic pharmacogenetics	(Corchero et al., 2001) (Yu et al., 2003c)
Cyp2e1 CYP2E1	Knockout Humanized	Acetaminophen toxicity	(Lee et al., 1996) (Cheung et al., 2005b)
CYP3A4	Transgenic	Intestinal metabolism of midazolam, drug-drug metabolism, and physiological regulation	(Granvil et al., 2003) (van Herwaarden et al., 2005)
Cyp3a CYP3A4	Knockout Humanized	Docetaxel metabolism and pharmacokinetics	(van Herwaarden et al., 2007)
Cpr	Knockout	Drug metabolism and toxicity	(Shen et al., 2002; Otto et al., 2003) (Gu et al., 2003; Henderson et al., 2003a; Wu et al., 2003)
Gstp	Knockout	DMBA carcinogenesis Acetaminophen toxicity	(Henderson et al., 1998) (Henderson et al., 2000)
Sult1e1	Knockout	Physiological and pathological role of Sult1e1	(Qian et al., 2001; Tong et al., 2005)
Ugt1 UGT1	Knockout Transgenic Humanized	Tissue distribution, induction and hormonal regulation Physiological role in bilirubin homeostasis	(Nguyen et al., 2008) (Chen et al., 2005) (Cai et al., 2010; Fujiwara et al., 2010)