Table 1.

Association constant (K_A) and the maximum binding (R_max) of Con A to array surfaces composed of unmodified, thiolated, and animated mannose.

Immobilized mannose	KA (106·M-1)	Rmax	Δ %R a
Unmodified b	3.1 ± 0.2	11.0	7.9 ± 0.5
Aminated c	7.3 ± 0.5	11.9	9.8 ± 0.3
Thiolated d	8.6 ± 0.7	17.7	14.6 ± 0.4

^aCon A 500 nM in HEPES buffer for 50 min flow;

^b20% (1.1 M), 16 h, pH 10 carbonate buffer;

^c10 mM, 1h, pH 10 carbonate buffer;

^d10 mM, 1h, pH 7.4 PBS;

^eSPRi values represent the averages and standard deviations from at least two spots on two replicates or more.