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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Discov Today Dis Mech. 2010 SUMMER;7(2):e95–e102. doi: 10.1016/j.ddmec.2010.07.002

Figure 1. Schematic representation of the protease and chaperone systems involved in mitochondrial protein quality control.

Figure 1

Oxidation by reactive oxygen species damages mitochondrial proteins in either reversible or irreversible manners, and accumulation of oxidized/damaged proteins can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction in heart failure. Intracellular elimination of oxidatively modified proteins is achieved in the mitochondria and cytosol by either degradation (Lon, proteasome and m-AAA proteases) or specific repair systems (HSPs-heat shock proteins).