Table 3.

Comparison of neonatal outcomes between the expectant group and the cerclage group

Data were presented as number (%) or median (range). Statistical analyses were performed using chi-square tests, ^*Fisher's exact tests for categorical variables and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for continuous variables. Statistical significance indicated p<0.05. ^†Defined as having more than one of the following: respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, periventricular leukomalacia, intraventricular hemorrhage (≥grade 3), retinopathy of prematurity (≥grade 3), necrotizing enterocolitis (≥stage 2), suspected or proven early and late neonatal sepsis.

NICU: neonatal intensive care unit.