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. 2011 Jan 10;108(1-2):1–7. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2011.0001

Table 2. Clinical symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (7).

Key symptoms Examples
Reliving the trauma Agonizing recall of the trauma, flashbacks, nightmares, exaggerated emotional or physical reaction onexposure to cues
Avoidance symptoms Avoidance of activities, places, thoughts, feelings, and conversations related to the trauma
Emotional numbness General lack of interest, detachment or estrangement from others, restricted range of affect
Hyperarousal Sleep disturbances, irritability or outbursts of anger, difficulty concentrating, excessive alertness, exaggerated startle reaction