Table 4.
Linear regression analyses with baseline morphine equivalent dose as the outcome variable.
| Beta coefficient in Univariate analysis (95% CI) | P | Beta coefficient in multivariate analysis* (95% CI) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Smoking status | ||||
| Never | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||
| Former | 12.54 (−4.17, 29.26) | 0.141 | 10.39 (−6.74, 27.51) | 0.234 |
| Current | 30.44 (14.07, 46.81) | <0.001 | 26.77 (9.11, 44.44) | 0.003 |
| CES-D score | 0.89 (0.34, 1.44) | <0.001 | 0.38 (−0.23, 0.98) | 0.219 |
| Age | −0.31 (−0.81, 0.18) | 0.211 | −0.45 (−1.02, 0.11) | 0.115 |
| Female sex | −34.31 (−49.76, −18.87) | <0.001 | −32.99 (−48.96, −17.01) | <0.001 |
| Married | 2.96 (−11.17, 17.08,) | 0.682 | 6.41 (−8.84, 21.66) | 0.410 |
| Years of education | −0.35 (−2.81, 2.12) | 0.782 | 1.84 (−0.73, 4.42) | 0.160 |
| Currently employed | −23.42 (−38.45, −8.39) | 0.002 | −19.97 (−35.70, −4.24) | 0.013 |
| Pain duration | 0.03 (−0.60, 0.67) | 0.919 | 0.13 (−0.54, 0.79) | 0.707 |
| MPI pain severity | 1.45 (0.74, 2.17) | <0.001 | 1.09 (0.29, 1.90) | 0.008 |
*
Adjusted for all other factors listed in the table.