Figure 7. Rhamnolipids form vesicles and do not alter the potency of flagellin and IL17/IL-22 in cultured keratinocytes.

A: Representative photomicrograph showing FITC-labeled flagellin embedded in rhamnolipid (RL) vesicle (indicated by arrowhead). On the left hand the control without rhamnolipid (400× magnification) B: Psoriasin- and IL-8-secretion was measured by ELISA in the supernatants of cultured primary keratinocytes after incubation with rhamnolipids (0.05 µg/ml), a mixture of the cytokines IL-17 and IL-22 (both 50 ng/ml), as well as a combination of rhamnolipids and cytokines for 24 h. C: Secreted psoriasin and IL-8 was determined by ELISA in supernatants of primary keratinocytes, stimulated with rhamnolipids (0.05 µg/ml) and/or flagellin (100 ng/ml) for 24 h. The release is given as the mean ± SD (n = 3). The addition of rhamnolipid during stimulation did not alter the potency of the used stimuli (n.s.: not significant) as determined by unpaired student's t-test.