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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Biol Dyn. 2011 Jan;5(1):84–101. doi: 10.1080/17513758.2010.491558

Table 2.

The means and standard errors of the MLEs of three types of parameters (Ψu, Ψv, πj|i) defining the likelihood obtained from 200 simulation replicates for QTL mapping of biological rhythms defined by a system of ODE (1). The rhythmic phenotypic traits were simulated at 5 time points for a heritability of 0.1.

Ψu AA
 Aa
 aa
True MLE(SE) True MLE(SE) True MLE(SE)
vs 0.76 0.7840(0.0041) 0.82 0.8544(0.0068) 1 1.0331(0.0107)
vm 0.65 0.7182(0.0145) 0.5 0.5238(0.0061) 0.3 0.3001(0.0060)
ks 0.38 0.3842(0.0061) 0.28 0.2849(0.0043) 0.48 0.5372(0.0125)
vd 0.95 0.9699(0.0048) 0.6 0.6268(0.0195) 0.75 0.7980(0.0195)
k1 1.9 1.9834(0.0250) 2.3 2.3297(0.0141) 1.5 1.4866(0.0086)
k2 1.3 1.3203(0.0043) 1 1.0647(0.0183) 0.8 0.9210(0.0221)
KI 1 1.0196(0.0041) 1.6 1.6560(0.0057) 0.6 0.6600(0.0233)
Kd 0.2 0.1986(0.0066) 0.5 0.5872(0.0171) 0.7 0.7164(0.0185)
K1 2 2.0565(0.0244) 2.2 2.1909(0.0110) 2.5 2.4761(0.0089)
K2 2 2.0122(0.0049) 2.2 2.2219(0.0068) 2.5 2.5354(0.0080)
K3 2 2.0046(0.0304) 2.2 2.2536(0.0325) 2.5 2.5944(0.0241)
K4 2 2.0607(0.0114) 2.2 2.1864(0.0124) 2.5 2.5024(0.0111)
n 4 4.0259(0.0117) 6 6.009(0.008) 10 9.9999(0.0124)
V1 3.2 3.2070(0.0082) 2.2 2.2935(0.0174) 4.2 4.2400(0.0103)
V2 1.58 1.6049(0.0070) 1.38 1.3657(0.0090) 1.78 1.7846(0.0092)
V3 5 5.1046(0.0279) 8 8.0127(0.0114) 12 11.9973(0.0110)
V4 2.5 2.5153(0.0101) 1.5 1.5182(0.0158) 0.5 0.6120(0.0330))
Km 0.5 0.5193(0.0075) 0.7 0.7180(0.0049) 1.5 1.5323(0.0087)
Ψv True MLE(SE)
σ1 1.62 1.6599(0.0050)
σ2 0.11 0.1168(0.0041)
σ3 0.60 0.5100(0.0208)
σ4 0.29 0.1633(0.0100)
σ5 0.13 0.1427(0.0051)
ρ1 0.8 0.7546(0.0213)
ρ2 0.7 0.7289(0.0096)
ρ3 0.6 0.8057(0.0222)
ρ4 0.6 0.9142(0.0233)
ρ5 0.7 0.7347(0.0123)
πj|i True MLE(SE)
p 0.6 0.6005(0.0016)
q 0.7 0.6674(0.0064)
D 0.05 0.0451(0.0026)