Table 5.
Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of the prevalence of decrease in intrinsic academic motivation in junior high school students
| OR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Crude | Multiple-Adjusted* | |
| Grade | ||
| 7th grade | Reference (1.00) | |
| 8th grade | 1.03 (0.42 - 2.50) | |
| 9th grade | 0.51 (0.22 - 1.18) | |
| p for trend | 0.212 | |
| Female gender | 0.84 (0.42 - 1.71) | |
| List learning test | ||
| Tertile 1 (≥35) | Reference (1.00) | Reference (1.00) |
| Tertile 2 (32 - 34) | 2.90 (1.20 - 6.97) | 2.77 (1.12 - 6.82) |
| Tertile 3 (≤31) | 2.45 (0.95 - 6.35) | 2.34 (0.89 - 6.13) |
| p for trend | 0.048 | 0.072 |
| List recall test | ||
| Tertile 1 (≥10) | Reference (1.00) | Reference (1.00) |
| Tertile 2 (9) | 0.56 (0.22 - 1.47) | 0.55 (0.2 - 1.46) |
| Tertile 3 (≤8) | 1.76 (0.77 - 4.05) | 1.78 (0.76 - 4.17) |
| p for trend | 0.086 | 0.078 |
| Digit span forward test | ||
| Tertile 1 (≥7) | Reference (1.00) | Reference (1.00) |
| Tertile 2 (6) | 3.41 (1.42 - 8.15) | 3.41 (1.39 - 8.33) |
| Tertile 3 (≤5) | 5.55 (2.10 - 14.69) | 5.10 (1.88 - 13.86) |
| p for trend | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Symbol digit modalities test | ||
| Tertile 1 (≥62) | Reference (1.00) | Reference (1.00) |
| Tertile 2 (54 - 61) | 0.90 (0.35 - 2.32) | 0.87 (0.33 - 2.25) |
| Tertile 3 (≤53) | 2.11 (0.88 - 5.08) | 2.04 (0.83 - 5.01) |
| p for trend | 0.129 | 0.150 |
| Semantic fluency test | ||
| Tertile 1 (≥13) | Reference (1.00) | Reference (1.00) |
| Tertile 2 (10 - 12) | 1.50 (0.59 - 3.78) | 1.27 (0.49 - 3.31) |
| Tertile 3 (≤9) | 2.01 (0.85 - 4.72) | 1.80 (0.68 - 4.72) |
| p for trend | 0.281 | 0.489 |
| Figure copying test | ||
| Tertile 1 (≥20) | Reference (1.00) | Reference (1.00) |
| Tertile 2 (17 - 19) | 0.99 (0.41 - 2.38) | 1.11 (0.44 - 2.77) |
| Tertile 3 (≤16) | 1.57 (0.63 - 3.93) | 2.01 (0.72 - 5.57) |
| p for trend | 0.494 | 0.324 |
| Kana pick-out test | ||
| Kana pick-out number | ||
| Tertile 1 (≥43) | Reference (1.00) | Reference (1.00) |
| Tertile 2 (34 - 42) | 1.37 (0.58 - 3.26) | 1.23 (0.50 - 2.98) |
| Tertile 3 (≤33) | 1.22 (0.52 - 2.87) | 0.95 (0.36 - 2.50) |
| p for trend | 0.768 | 0.843 |
| Kana omission number | ||
| Tertile 1 (≤3) | Reference (1.00) | Reference (1.00) |
| Tertile 2 (4 - 7) | 1.58 (0.65 - 3.85) | 1.72 (0.70 - 4.27) |
| Tertile 3 (≥8) | 1.91 (0.78 - 4.72) | 1.86 (0.75 - 4.65) |
| p for trend | 0.358 | 0.359 |
| Kana pick-out score | ||
| Tertile 1 (≥36) | Reference (1.00) | Reference (1.00) |
| Tertile 2 (28 - 35) | 1.34 (0.56 - 3.22) | 1.29 (0.52 - 3.16) |
| Tertile 3 (≤27) | 1.83 (0.76 - 4.39) | 1.67 (0.63 - 4.45) |
| p for trend | 0.401 | 0.587 |
| Score for comprehension of the story | ||
| Tertile 1 (≥6) | Reference (1.00) | Reference (1.00) |
| Tertile 2 (4 - 5) | 2.81 (1.14 - 6.96) | 2.95 (1.17 - 7.46) |
| Tertile 3 (≤3) | 4.47 (1.73 - 11.56) | 4.95 (1.82 - 13.43) |
| p for trend | 0.007 | 0.006 |
| Modified advanced trail making test | ||
| RT on task A | ||
| Tertile 1 (<31.2) | Reference (1.00) | Reference (1.00) |
| Tertile 2 (31.2 - 36.2) | 1.76 (0.71 - 4.38) | 2.01 (0.77 - 5.25) |
| Tertile 3 (≥36.3) | 2.52 (1.05 - 6.07) | 2.44 (0.98 - 6.09) |
| p for trend | 0.118 | 0.144 |
| RT on task B | ||
| Tertile 1 (<45.0) | Reference (1.00) | Reference (1.00) |
| Tertile 2 (45.0 - 54.7) | 1.12 (0.48 - 2.62) | 1.13 (0.47 - 2.74) |
| Tertile 3 (≥54.8) | 1.39 (0.59 - 3.29) | 1.23 (0.50 - 3.02) |
| p for trend | 0.748 | 0.898 |
| RT on task C | ||
| Tertile 1 (<64.8) | Reference (1.00) | Reference (1.00) |
| Tertile 2 (64.8 - 78.9) | 0.91 (0.39 - 2.15) | 0.92 (0.38 - 2.23) |
| Tertile 3 (≥79.0) | 1.56 (0.66 - 3.71) | 1.42 (0.59 - 3.42) |
| p for trend | 0.440 | 0.615 |
| RT on task D | ||
| Tertile 1 (<11.0) | Reference (1.00) | Reference (1.00) |
| Tertile 2 (11.0 - 12.8) | 1.87 (0.76 - 4.62) | 1.91 (0.76 - 4.79) |
| Tertile 3 (≥12.9) | 2.41 (1.00 - 5.82) | 2.52 (1.02 - 6.20) |
| p for trend | 0.141 | 0.127 |
| RT on task E | ||
| Tertile 1 (<47.1) | Reference (1.00) | Reference (1.00) |
| Tertile 2 (47.1 - 57.7) | 1.39 (0.58 - 3.31) | 1.39 (0.56 - 3.40) |
| Tertile 3 (≥57.8) | 1.97 (0.82 - 4.75) | 1.89 (0.76 - 4.65) |
| p for trend | 0.316 | 0.388 |
* Adjusted for grade and gender. RT, reaction time; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.