TABLE 1.

DCCT baseline characteristics (means or proportions and 95% confidence intervals) of the study population stratified by quartile of oxLDL in LDL-IC (n = 479) adjusted for treatment group, retinopathy cohort, age, and sex

	oxLDL in LDL-IC quartiles (cut points, mg/L)				Trend
	1st (5–89)	2nd (90–162)	3rd (163–305)	4th (306–1382)	P
Age (years)*	27.0 (25.7, 28.2)	27.1 (25.9, 28.4)	27.3 (26.0, 28.5)	27.1 (25.9, 28.4)	0.8235
Men (%)*	42.0 (33.5, 51.0)	47.5 (38.7, 56.4)	59.2 (50.2, 67.6)	57.5 (48.5, 66.0)	0.0047
Intensive treatment group (%)*	52.1 (43.2, 60.9)	48.3 (39.5, 57.2)	46.7 (37.9, 55.6)	35.8 (27.8, 44.8)	0.0135
Primary retinopathy cohort (%)*	54.6 (45.6, 63.3)	44.2 (35.6, 53.1)	51.7 (42.8, 60.5)	70.8 (62.1, 78.3)	0.0058
Diabetes duration (years)	5.5 (5.0, 6.0)	6.5 (6.0, 7.0)	6.1 (5.6, 6.6)	5.9 (5.4, 6.4)	0.4827
Hemoglobin A1c (%)	8.7 (8.4, 9.0)	8.6 (8.3, 8.8)	8.9 (8.6, 9.2)	9.3 (9.0, 9.6)	0.0014
Body mass index (kg/m2)	23.1 (22.6, 23.6)	23.3 (22.8, 23.8)	23.4 (22.9, 23.9)	24.1 (23.6, 24.6)	0.0062
Blood pressure (mmHg)
Systolic	113 (111, 115)	115 (113, 117)	115 (113, 117)	115 (113, 117)	0.2216
Diastolic	73 (71, 74)	73 (71, 74)	73 (71, 74)	74 (73, 76)	0.2266
Cholesterol (mg/dL)
HDL	53 (51, 55)	51 (49, 53)	50 (48, 52)	49 (47, 51)	0.0058
LDL	103 (98, 108)	102 (97, 108)	113 (108, 118)	118 (113, 123)	<0.0001
Triglycerides (mg/dL)†	66 (62, 71)	68 (63, 73)	76 (70, 81)	82 (77, 88)	<0.0001
AER (mg/24 h)†	10.7 (9.4, 12.3)	11.6 (10.2, 13.3)	12.5 (10.9, 14.3)	12.6 (11.0, 14.4)	0.0754
Creatinine clearance (ml/min)	125 (120, 129)	126 (121, 131)	131 (126, 136)	125 (121, 130)	0.4882
Current smoker (%)	13.5 (8.4, 20.9)	25.6 (18.4, 34.4)	17.0 (11.3, 24.8)	23.3 (16.3, 32.2)	0.2083
Current drinker (%)	26.9 (19.3, 36.0)	14.0 (8.8, 21.5)	16.7 (11.1, 24.5)	16.5 (10.8, 24.3)	0.0961

*Unadjusted.

†Because of nonnormal distributions, geometric means are presented.