TABLE 4.
Adjusted* odds ratios (and 95% confidence intervals) from multivariate logistic regression models for a given difference in risk factor level for being in the upper quintile versus the lower four quintiles† of progression of ICA IMT from EDIC year 1 to EDIC year 6
| IC | oxLDL in LDL-IC Model 1 | AGE-LDL in LDL-IC Model 2 |
|---|---|---|
| Quartile | ||
| Lowest | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 2 | 1.33 (0.53–3.29) | 1.66 (0.73–3.79) |
| 3 | 2.29 (0.98–5.35) | 1.65 (0.73–3.72) |
| 4 | 4.08 (1.80–9.23) | 2.62 (1.18–5.79) |
| Age (1-year increase) | 1.05 (1.01–1.10) | 1.05 (1.01–1.09) |
| Sex (men vs. women) | 1.07 (0.60–1.93) | 1.09 (0.61–1.94) |
| Study group (intensive vs. conventional) | 0.88 (0.51–1.50) | 0.84 (0.50–1.42) |
| Retinopathy cohort (second vs. primary) | 0.55 (0.25–1.23) | 0.60 (0.28–1.36) |
| Duration (1-year increase) | 1.08 (0.99–1.18) | 1.09 (0.99–1.19) |
| Hemoglobin A1c (1-unit increase, %) | 1.05 (0.88–1.24) | 1.08 (0.91–1.27) |
| Ln of AER (1-unit increase, mg/24 h) | 0.98 (0.67–1.43) | 0.95 (0.65–1.37) |
| Cholesterol (10 unit increase, mg/dL) | ||
| LDL | 1.06 (0.97–1.16) | 1.07 (0.98–1.17) |
| HDL | 0.80 (0.62–1.04) | 0.77 (0.60–0.99) |
| Diastolic blood pressure‡ (10-unit increase, mmHg) | 1.47 (1.05–2.06) | 1.55 (1.11–2.17) |
| Current smoking (yes vs. no) | 2.25 (1.22–4.15) | 2.25 (1.23–4.14) |
| Year 1 IMT | 1.96 (0.78–4.88) | 2.24 (0.89–5.64) |
| ROC AUC | 0.779 | 0.764 |
*Both models are additionally adjusted for ultrasonography equipment.
†The numerical cut point for high IMT progression from EDIC year 1 to EDIC year 6 was greater than 0.179 mm.
‡Diastolic rather than systolic blood pressure was included because although not significantly associated with high ICA IMT, it was a stronger predictor than systolic blood pressure in our study population.