Table 1.

Case reports of naloxone use in acute valproic acid toxicity

Reference*	Age of patient	Plasma valproate concentration (mg/litre)	Naloxone dose	Response to naloxone
Steiman et al 1979	19 months	185	0.01 mg/kg	Coma reversed after 3 min; after 20 min, somnolence reversed with a second dose
Espinoza et al 2001	3 years	Not recorded	0.1 mg	Coma and respiratory depression reversed within minutes
Roberge et al 2001	44 years	138	2 mg	Obtundation reversed; response to a second dose after relapse at 1 h
Alberto et al 1989	22 years	180.4	2 mg	Somnolence and respiratory depression reversed in 1 min
Montero 1999	21 years	487.8	0.4 mg, then 0.8 mg	Improvement in conscious level within minutes on both occasions

*Reference details available in full version of this paper (see Acknowledgements).