Table 4. Diagnostic performance of sputum nucleic acid amplification testing for TB diagnosis among smear-negative TB suspects in sub-Saharan Africa.

Location (Year)	Test	HIVPrevalence	PercentSensitivity(95% CI)	Reference
Zambia (2001)	IS6110 PCR	75%*	40 (25–57)	[26]
Zambia (2001)	Gen-Probe A-MTD	75%*	60 (43–75)	[26]
South Africa† (2010)	Cepheid GeneXpert MTB/RIF	66%*	73 (65–79)	[6]
Uganda (2009)	secA1 PCR	46%	100 (63–100)	[7]
Kenya (2004)	Roche Amplicor MTB	35%	82‡ (76–87)	[30]

Abbreviations: IS, insertion sequence; PCR, polymerase chain reaction.

Legend: Studies with 30 or more smear-negative patients from sub-Saharan Africa were included.

*Estimated from population-specific HIV prevalence rather than directly measured;

^†Also includes specimens from Azerbaijan, India, and Peru;

^‡Sensitivity based on 3 PCR specimens.