Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of RRISK cohort and by frequency of obstructive defecation n = 2,109
| Risk factor | ≥Weekly n (%) | ≤Monthly n (%) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 259 | 1,845 | |
| Age in years, mean ± SD | 56 ± 9 | 56 ± 9 | 0.30 |
| Categorical age (years) | 0.32 | ||
| 40–49 | 65 (11) | 532 (89) | |
| 50–59 | 97 (12) | 699 (88) | |
| ≥60 | 97 (14) | 614 (86) | |
| Race | 0.42 | ||
| Caucasian | 133 (13) | 868 (87) | |
| African-American | 46 (12) | 336 (88) | |
| Asian | 32 (9) | 312 (91) | |
| Hispanic | 44 (13) | 305 (87) | |
| Native American/Other | 4 (14) | 24 (86) | |
| Education | 0.16 | ||
| High School or less | 60 (14) | 360 (86) | |
| Some college or more | 198 (12) | 1485 (88) | |
| Job status | 0.001 | ||
| Employed/student | 149 (11) | 1217 (89) | |
| Unemployed/others | 23 (24) | 74 (76) | |
| Retired | 64 (13) | 436 (87) | |
| Homemaker | 22 (16) | 117 (84) | |
| Income | 0.11 | ||
| <$40,000 | 69 (15) | 401 (85) | |
| $40,000–$79,999 | 104 (12) | 740 (88) | |
| ≥ 80,000 | 66 (10) | 565 (90) | |
| Health conditions & habits | |||
| Health status | <0.001 | ||
| Excellent | 30 (8) | 331 (92) | |
| Very good/good | 178 (12) | 1322 (88) | |
| Fair/poor | 51 (21) | 192 (79) | |
| COPD | 22 (18) | 101 (82) | 0.05 |
| Stroke | 11 (22) | 40 (78) | 0.04 |
| Irritable bowel syndrome | 47 (23) | 157 (77) | <0.001 |
| Current alcohol use (≥1 drink/week) | 51 (9) | 494 (91) | 0.01 |
| Drinks now in typical week | 0.03 | ||
| <1 drink/week | 107 (14) | 634 (86) | |
| 1–4 drinks/week | 40 (11) | 321 (89) | |
| >4 drinks/week | 11 (6) | 174 (94) | |
| Reproductive history | |||
| Parity/delivery type | 0.17 | ||
| None | 39 (10) | 346 (90) | |
| C-section only | 11 (9) | 105 (91) | |
| At least 1 vaginal | 200 (13) | 1321 (87) | |
| Postmenopausal | 186 (14) | 1190 (86) | 0.03 |
| Current estrogen use | 90 (14) | 560 (86) | 0.15 |
| Pelvic floor dysfunction | |||
| ≥Weekly urinary incontinence | 97 (16) | 505 (84) | <0.001 |
| Pelvic organ prolapse last 12 months | 30 (26) | 87(74) | <0.001 |
| Visible vaginal bulging last 12 months | 13 (23) | 44 (77) | 0.01 |
| Surgery | |||
| Hysterectomy | 80 (17) | 394 (83) | <0.001 |
| Hysterectomy type | <0.001 | ||
| No hysterectomy | 179 (11) | 1451 (89) | |
| Abdominal | 59 (15) | 326 (85) | |
| Vaginal | 19 (23) | 62 (77) | |
| Laparoscopic | 2 (29) | 5 (71) | |
| Other pelvic surgery | 143 (15) | 837 (85) | 0.003 |
| Pelvic organ prolapse surgery | 21 (28) | 54 (72) | <0.001 |
| Colon surgery | 19 (24) | 59 (76) | <0.001 |
| Appendectomy | 62 (16) | 315 (84) | 0.007 |
| Urinary incontinence surgery | 16 (32) | 34 (68) | <0.001 |
| Number of medications | |||
| Mean ± SD | 3 ± 3 | 2 ± 2 | <0.0001 |
| 0 | 43 (9) | 462 (91) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 40 (10) | 345 (90) | |
| 2 | 34 (9) | 353 (91) | |
| 3 or more | 142 (17) | 685 (83) |