Table 9.
Genetic and Environmental Correlations Between Intermediate Phenotypes Related to Kidney Disease and Traits Related to Obesity, Diabetes, and CVD
| Trait 1 | Trait 2 | ρg ± SE | P | ρe ± SE | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| eGFRMDRD-AI | BMI | 0.155 ± 0.16 | 0.3 | −0.099 ± 0.09 | 0.3 |
| Weight | 0.086 ± 0.15 | 0.6 | −0.084 ± 0.09 | 0.4 | |
| HbA1c | −0.194 ± 0.19 | 0.3 | 0.089 ± 0.07 | 0.2 | |
| SBP | 0.166 ± 0.17 | 0.3 | −0.101 ± 0.07 | 0.2 | |
| DBP | 0.161 ± 0.19 | 0.4 | −0.012 ± 0.07 | 0.9 | |
| HTN status (yes/no) | 0.305 ± 0.19 | 0.1 | −0.135 ± 0.07 | 0.07 | |
| HDL-C | 0.094 ± 0.16 | 0.6 | 0.227 ± 0.07 | 0.004 | |
| Total cholesterol | −0.029 ± 0.17 | 0.9 | 0.076 ± 0.08 | 0.3 | |
| Triglycerides | 0.036 ± 0.19 | 0.9 | −0.182 ± 0.07 | 0.01 | |
| UACR | BMI | 0.212 ± 0.16 | 0.2 | 0.004 ± 0.09 | 0.9 |
| Weight | 0.110 ± 0.15 | 0.5 | 0.045 ± 0.09 | 0.6 | |
| HbA1c | 0.204 ± 0.20 | 0.3 | 0.173 ± 0.07 | 0.02 | |
| SBP | 0.421 ± 0.15 | 0.02 | 0.177 ± 0.07 | 0.02 | |
| DBP | 0.478 ± 0.18 | 0.02 | 0.107 ± 0.07 | 0.1 | |
| HTN status (yes/no) | 0.563 ± 0.16 | 0.003 | 0.264 ± 0.06 | <0.001 | |
| HDL-C | 0.063 ± 0.17 | 0.7 | 0.082 ± 0.08 | 0.3 | |
| Total cholesterol | 0.185 ± 0.17 | 0.3 | 0.095 ± 0.08 | 0.2 | |
| Triglycerides | 0.070 ± 0.20 | 0.7 | 0.111 ± 0.07 | 0.1 | |
| SCr | BMI | −0.187 ± 0.18 | 0.3 | 0.077 ± 0.08 | 0.3 |
| Weight | −0.182 ± 0.18 | 0.3 | 0.093 ± 0.09 | 0.3 | |
| HbA1c | 0.231 ± 0.20 | 0.3 | −0.083 ± 0.07 | 0.2 | |
| SBP | −0.103 ± 0.19 | 0.6 | 0.013 ± 0.07 | 0.8 | |
| DBP | −0.193 ± 0.20 | 0.4 | −0.020 ± 0.06 | 0.8 | |
| HTN status (yes/no) | −0.261 ± 0.21 | 0.2 | 0.076 ± 0.07 | 0.3 | |
| HDL-C | −0.011 ± 0.18 | 0.9 | −0.220 ± 0.07 | 0.003 | |
| Total cholesterol | 0.080 ± 0.19 | 0.7 | −0.085 ± 0.07 | 0.2 | |
| Triglycerides | −0.011 ± 0.21 | 0.9 | 0.148 ± 0.07 | 0.03 | |
| SUN | BMI | 0.044 ± 0.18 | 0.8 | 0.008 ± 0.09 | 0.9 |
| Weight | 0.135 ± 0.17 | 0.4 | −0.027 ± 0.09 | 0.8 | |
| HbA1c | 0.664 ± 0.23 | 0.005 | −0.022 ± 0.07 | 0.7 | |
| SBP | −0.379 ± 0.20 | 0.06 | −0.048 ± 0.07 | 0.5 | |
| DBP | −0.273 ± 0.21 | 0.2 | −0.072 ± 0.07 | 0.3 | |
| HTN status (yes/no) | −0.372 ± 0.21 | 0.08 | 0.171 ± 0.08 | 0.02 | |
| HDL-C | −0.227 ± 0.18 | 0.2 | −0.289 ± 0.07 | <0.001 | |
| Total cholesterol | 0.059 ± 0.19 | 0.8 | −0.159 ± 0.07 | 0.03 | |
| Triglycerides | −0.169 ± 0.23 | 0.5 | 0.145 ± 0.07 | 0.04 | |
| Uric acid | BMI | 0.296 ± 0.14 | 0.06 | 0.198 ± 0.08 | 0.02 |
| Weight | 0.267 ± 0.14 | 0.07 | 0.186 ± 0.09 | 0.05 | |
| HbA1c | 0.223 ± 0.19 | 0.3 | −0.052 ± 0.07 | 0.5 | |
| SBP | 0.290 ± 0.17 | 0.1 | 0.123 ± 0.07 | 0.09 | |
| DBP | 0.124 ± 0.19 | 0.5 | 0.220 ± 0.07 | 0.001 | |
| HTN status (yes/no) | 0.188 ± 0.19 | 0.3 | 0.092 ± 0.07 | 0.2 | |
| HDL-C | −0.303 ± 0.15 | 0.06 | −0.094 ± 0.08 | 0.2 | |
| Total cholesterol | 0.134 ± 0.17 | 0.4 | 0.138 ± 0.07 | 0.7 | |
| Triglycerides | 0.325 ± 0.17 | 0.09 | 0.190 ± 0.07 | 0.009 |
Note: Glucose excluded because many participants were not fasting. No significant genetic or environmental correlation with LDL-C.
Abbreviations and definitions: BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; eGFRMDRD-AI, estimated glomerular filtration rate calculated by the Modification of Diet and Renal Disease Study equation modified for American Indians; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HTN, hypertension; ρg, genetic correlation coefficient; ρe, environmental correlation coefficient; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SCr, serum creatinine; SE, standard error of variance; SUN, serum urea nitrogen; UACR, urinary albumin-creatinine ratio.