Table 1.

Summary statistics (percentage distributions unless otherwise indicated) by urban and rural residence: HWS 2001 and 2005.

Sources: Health and Welfare Surveys 2001 and 2005.

	2001		2005
	Urban	Rural	Urban	Rural
No. of households	23,070	38,904	8070	12,091
No. of respondents (excluding children aged below 15 years)	63,887	104,254	21,015	30,996
Demographic characteristics
Age (yr)
Mean (SD)	37.7 (16.0)	38.4 (16.7)	38.5 (16.0)	39.0 (16.6)
15–29	36.6	36.3	34.5	34.5
30–44	33.1	30.9	32.8	30.5
45–59	18.9	19.9	20.6	21.4
≥60	11.4	12.9	12.0	13.6
Sex
Male	48.3	50.2	48.2	50.2
Female	51.7	49.8	51.8	49.8
Marital status
Single	33.4	25.8	33.4	24.7
Married	57.4	65.2	57.4	66.0
Divorced, separated, or widowed	9.2	9.0	9.2	9.2
Household size
Mean	4.3 (2.2)	4.5 (1.9)	4.0 (2.0)	4.2 (1.7)
1	4.3	2.2	5.5	3.3
2	15.4	10.4	17.7	12.9
3	18.7	19.6	20.0	21.6
4	23.2	24.8	23.2	24.7
≥5	38.3	43.0	33.6	37.5
Socioeconomic characteristics
Monthly income (Baht)a
Mean adult-equivalent monthly household income per capita (SD)	6059.5 (5044.7)	2485.3 (2742.0)	8706.9 (9239.4)	3660.6 (4167.1)
Median	4778.2	1699.9	6187.2	2489.7
0–2999 Baht/month	30.7	73.5	20.5	58.9
3000–5999 Baht/month	30.0	18.4	28.0	25.6
≥6000 Baht/month	39.2	8.1	51.5	15.5
Education
No education	4.1	6.2	3.4	5.8
Primary level	42.4	65.5	36.3	59.4
Secondary level	34.5	23.1	36.9	27.8
Higher level	19.0	5.2	23.3	7.0
Economic activity
Professionals	16.9	6.1	18.2	7.7
Service workers	36.1	18.0	39.3	22.1
Agriculture and fishery	6.4	43.3	4.9	38.1
Elementary occupation	8.4	7.9	8.1	9.4
Not in workforce (students, housewives, unemployed, disabled)	32.2	24.7	29.6	22.7
Geographic characteristics
Region of residence
Bangkok	39.9	n/a	40.0	n/a
Central (except Bangkok)	24.0	22.9	24.4	23.2
North	11.4	22.1	11.4	22.3
Northeast	16.1	40.6	15.9	40.2
South	8.5	14.3	8.4	14.3

^a1 USD∼34 Baht.