Table 3.
Frequency (%) | Age–sex adjusted concentration indices (C*) | Normalisedbconcentration indices (%) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2001 | Urban | Rural | Urban | Rural | Urban | Rural |
2001 | ||||||
N | 63,887 | 104,254 | ||||
Recent illness (2 weeks) | 13.4 | 16.0 | ||||
No service used | 7.6 | 9.8 | −0.057 | −0.054 | −6.2 | −6.0 |
Pharmacies | 29.8 | 22.3 | 0.017 | 0.045 | 2.4 | 5.8 |
Health centres | 4.7 | 20.0 | −0.192 | −0.090 | −20.1 | −11.3 |
Community hospitals | 8.2 | 16.5 | −0.319 | −0.080 | −34.7 | −9.6 |
Regional/provincial/general hospitals | 26.8 | 20.1 | −0.016 | 0.056 | −2.2 | 7.0 |
Private clinics | 13.4 | 9.1 | 0.070 | 0.083 | 8.1 | 9.1 |
Private hospitals | 9.5 | 2.1 | 0.306 | 0.364 | 33.8 | 37.2 |
Total | 100.0 | 100.0 | ||||
2005 | ||||||
N | 21,015 | 30,996 | ||||
Recent illness (1 month) | 14.7 | 21.2 | ||||
No service used | 9.0 | 9.9 | −0.083 | −0.042 | −9.1 | −4.7 |
Pharmacies | 28.9 | 19.8 | 0.037 | 0.028 | 5.2 | 3.5 |
Health centres | 4.5 | 22.6 | −0.301 | −0.123 | −31.5 | −15.9 |
Community hospitals | 10.7 | 21.8 | −0.297 | −0.065 | −33.3 | −8.3 |
Regional/provincial/general hospitals | 19.8 | 9.5 | 0.039 | 0.125 | 4.9 | 13.8 |
Private clinics | 14.7 | 14.2 | 0.054 | 0.124 | 6.3 | 14.5 |
Private hospitals | 12.5 | 2.3 | 0.210 | 0.474 | 24.0 | 48.5 |
Total | 100.0 | 100.0 |
The concentration index is negative (or positive) when the health outcome is concentrated towards the lower (or higher) end of the socioeconomic scale. The larger its absolute value (maximum=1.0), the more pronounced the inequality is. Normalised results are presented as percentages of limiting values for each concentration index.
Possible values range from −100 to +100.