Figure 3. Levels of mRNA in Urinary Cells in Subjects with Reversible or Nonreversible Acute Rejection.

Successful reversal of acute rejection was defined as a return in creatinine to within 15 percent of baseline within 4 weeks of initiating anti-rejection treatment (16), and 13 of the 21 acute rejections qualified as reversed using this criterion. Boxplots show the 10^th, 25^th, 50^th, 75^th, and 90^th percentiles of log-transformed 18S-normalized mRNA levels for OX40 and OX40L, in urine samples obtained from the 13 subjects with a return in creatinine to within 15 percent of baseline within 4 weeks of initiating anti-rejection treatment (Reversible) and the 8 subjects without a return in creatinine to within 15 percent of baseline within 4 weeks of initiating anti-rejection treatment (Nonreversible). The levels of mRNA for OX40 (Panel A) and OX40L (Panel B) were significantly higher in urinary cells from subjects with reversible acute rejection than in the subjects with nonreversible acute rejection. Two-tailed P-values are based on Mann-Whitney test. In all cases, the natural log transformed values of 18S-normalized mRNA levels are shown.