Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population
| Underweight (BMI < 18.5) | Normal (18.5 ≤ BMI < 23) | Overweight (23 ≤ BMI < 25) | Obese (25 ≤ BMI) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 417 (17.3) | 1556 (64.5) | 236 (9.8) | 204 (8.5) | |
| Agea | 31.3 ± 3.6 | 32.3 ± 3.9 | 33.4 ± 4.1 | 33.3 ± 3.9 | < 0.0001 |
| Educational statusb Under middle school High school College or higher |
1 (0.2) 43 (10.3) 373 (89.5) |
7 (0.5) 160 (10.3) 1389 (89.3) |
1 (0.4) 40 (17.0) 195 (82.6) |
1 (0.5) 39 (19.1) 164 (80.4) |
0.0014 |
| Occupationb | 191 (45.8) | 779 (50.1) | 106 (44.9) | 70 (34.3) | 0.0002 |
| Medical historyb | 43 (10.3) | 153 (9.8) | 25 (10.6) | 32 (15.7) | 0.0857 |
| Parityb (multigravida) | 129 (30.9) | 623 (40.0) | 135 (57.2) | 109 (53.4) | < 0.0001 |
| Length of gestationa (weeks) | 38.7 ± 2.7 | 38.7 ± 2.7 | 38.2 ± 3.3 | 37.7 ± 3.8 | < 0.0001 |
| Mode of deliveryb Vaginal delivery Cesarean section |
291 (69.8) 126 (30.2) |
1024 (65.8) 532 (34.2) |
128 (54.2) 108 (45.8) |
89 (45.6) 115 (56.4) |
< 0.0001 |
| Weight gaina (kg) | 13.4 ± 4.2 | 13.4 ± 4.2 | 12.31 ± 4.91 | 11.0 ± 5.2 | < 0.0001 |
| Weight of fetusa (g) | 3033.5 ± 584.0 |
3122.7 ± 603.0 |
3109.4 ± 740.2 |
3069.3 ± 856.1 |
0.0728 |
| Maternal complicationsb | 50(12.0) | 226(14.5) | 52(22.0) | 68(33.3) | < 0.0001 |
| Neonatal complicationsb | 137(32.9) | 444(28.5) | 81(34.3) | 74(36.3) | < 0.0001 |
a Based on ANOVA (mean ± SD)
b Based on chi-square or Fisher's exact test (count, %)
BMI, body mass index; SD, standard deviation