Figure 5. Age-related declines in ProM with focal vs. non-focal cues, for confound-free age-contrasts only.

Large age-related declines are readily apparent in all of the conditions where sufficient data are available: ProM proper with focal cues, vigilance/monitoring with focal cues, and vigilance/monitoring with nonfocal cues. Moreover, for focal cues, age-related declines are much larger on ProM proper than on vigilance/monitoring, d difference  = 0.40 with bootstrap 95% CI  = (0.14, 0.68), and for vigilance/monitoring, age-related declines are only numerically larger with non-focal cues than with focal cues, d difference  = 0.05 with bootstrap 95% CI  = (−0.17,0.27).