Table 3.
Staff survey scores in control and SPI1 hospitals at two periods* in evaluation of phase one of Safer Patients Initiative (SPI1)
| Survey question‡ | Control hospitals | SPI1 hospitals | Range at baseline§ | Effect of SPI1 (99% CI)¶, P value | Point estimate favours SPI1 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survey 1 | Survey 2† | Absolute % change | Survey 1 | Survey 2† | Absolute % change | |||||||||||
| No of responders | Score (SE) | No of responders | Score (SE) | No of responders | Score (SE) | No of responders | Score (SE) | |||||||||
| Well structured appraisals within previous 12 months22 23 | 8046 | 39 (1) | 7260 | 28 (1) | −10 | 6111 | 34 (1) | 3993 | 27 (1) | −7 | 27-46 | 3 (−2 to 8), 0.095 | Yes | |||
| Working in well structured teams24 | 8052 | 40 (1) | 7279 | 37 (1) | −3 | 6088 | 38 (1) | 3961 | 35 (1) | −2 | 34-52 | 1 (−4 to 6), 0.510 | Yes | |||
| Witnessed potentially harmful errors or near misses in previous month | 8236 | 47 (1) | 7520 | 39 (1) | −8 | 6242 | 48 (1) | 4133 | 44 (1) | −4 | 41-56 | 5 (−2 to 11), 0.068 | No | |||
| Work related injury in previous 12 months | 8286 | 22 (0) | 7372 | 19 (0) | −3 | 6246 | 21 (1) | 4023 | 18 (1) | −3 | 18-26 | 0 (−4 to 3), 0.854 | NA | |||
| Work related stress in previous 12 months | 8368 | 34 (1) | 7457 | 33 (1) | −1 | 6340 | 34 (1) | 4094 | 30 (1) | −4 | 29-39 | −5 (−12 to 0), 0.013 | Yes | |||
| Physical violence from patients/relatives in previous 12 months | 8283 | 13 (0) | 7482 | 11 (0) | −2 | 6290 | 15 (0) | 4117 | 11 (0) | −3 | 9-18 | −3 (−8 to 0), 0.026 | Yes | |||
| Intention to leave25 | 8263 | 3.36 (0.01) | 7437 | 3.29 (0.01) | −0.08 | 6282 | 3.29 (0.01) | 4111 | 3.21 (0.01) | −0.09 | 2.99-3.51 | 0.04 (−0.03 to 0.10), 0.139 | No | |||
| Staff job satisfaction25 | 8357 | 3.47 (0.01) | 7495 | 3.37 (0.01) | −0.10 | 6366 | 3.42 (0.01) | 4122 | 3.34 (0.01) | −0.09 | 3.25-3.57 | 0.03 (−0.02 to 0.08), 0.132 | Yes | |||
| Quality of work-life balance25 | 8249 | 2.63 (0.01) | 7436 | 2.72 (0.01) | 0.10 | 6330 | 2.61 (0.01) | 4106 | 2.67 (0.02) | 0.06 | 2.45-2.80 | −0.05 (−0.12 to 0.03), 0.106 | No | |||
| Support from supervisors25 | 8310 | 3.45 (0.01) | 7477 | 3.41 (0.01) | −0.05 | 6334 | 3.36 (0.01) | 4109 | 3.32 (0.01) | −0.04 | 3.18-3.55 | 0.02 (−0.04 to 0.08) 0.358 |
Yes | |||
| Organisational climate25 26 | 8302 | 3.11 (0.01) | 7424 | 2.89 (0.01) | −0.22 | 6267 | 3.08 (0.01) | 4070 | 2.93 (0.01) | −0.15 | 2.82-3.32 | 0.08 (0.02 to 0.13), <0.01 | Yes | |||
NA=not applicable.
*Survey periods do not map precisely to epochs described in methods section.
†After intervention.
‡First six scores are percentages, simply reflecting proportion of respondents who answered “yes” to single question or set of questions. The five others are on scale of 1-5 and are based on mean of between three and six questions, each of which was scored between 1 and 5 for each respondent. For four of these five scores (quality of work-life balance, staff job satisfaction, support from supervisors, and organisational climate), higher scores are better, except for intention to leave.
§Indicates range of scores across intervention and control hospitals in first survey to give some context for level of change shown. Difference in change and corresponding confidence interval does not necessarily reflect difference in absolute change because of inclusion of covariates in models tested.
¶Values differ from simple subtraction due to rounding.