Inhibition of GSK3β suppresses the inflammatory response in mice infected with F. tularensis LVS. C57BL/6 wt mice were immunized (i.p.) with 5 × 104 CFU of F. tularensis LVS in 500 μl of PBS. For GSK3β inhibition, LiCl was given i.p. at 100 μg/g body weight 1 h before or after F. tularensis LVS infection. Serum samples were collected at 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after infection. The levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12p40, and IL-10 in the serum were determined by ELISA. Data represent the mean ± SEM of three separate experiments. Significant differences were seen at P < 0.05 (*), compared with the mice immunized with F. tularensis LVS only. The results show pooled data of three independent experiments (a total of 15 mice/group).