Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients who did and did not develop diabetes within 5 years
| Developed diabetes | No diabetes | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | 3,527 (6.1%) | 54,529 (93.9%) | – |
| Mean age (years) | 58.7 (11.3) | 56.8 (12.0) | <0.0001 |
| Men | 51.5% | 44.1% | <0.0001 |
| Non-white | 10.1% | 8.2% | <0.0001 |
| Current smoker | 14.5% | 12.4% | <0.0001 |
| Metabolic variables | |||
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 6.0 (0.8) | 5.2 (0.5) | <0.0001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 34.3 (7.2) | 29.6 (6.2) | <0.0001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 137 (18) | 130 (18) | <0.0001 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.2 (0.3) | 1.4 (0.4) | <0.0001 |
| Triacylglycerol (mmol/l) | 2.3 (1.8) | 1.6 (1.2) | <0.0001 |
| Complications (%) | |||
| Cardiovascular disease | 21.6 | 13.0 | <0.0001 |
| Heart failure | 5.5 | 2.0 | <0.0001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 9.9 | 7.1 | <0.0001 |
| Depression | 24.0 | 20.4 | <0.0001 |
| Mean number of fasting glucose tests during follow-up | 2.7 (2.0) | 2.4 (2.0) | <0.0001 |