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RNA editing by adenosine deamination. Substitution RNA editing by hydrolytic C6 deamination of adenosine (A) to generate inosine (I) in RNA with double-stranded (ds) character catalyzed by adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) enzymes. I is recognized as G instead of A during ribosome decoding of mRNA and during RNA replication by RNA-dependent polymerases. Conversion of an A:U base pair to an I:U mismatch destabilizes duplex RNA and alters RNA structures.
