Table 4.

Free-Breathing 3D Gradient Echo Coronary CMR Using Prospective Navigators for Identification of Focal ≥50% Diameter Coronary Stenoses

			For ≥50% Diameter Stenosis
Investigators	n	Technique	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)
Prospective navigators with real-time correction-targeted 3D
Bunce et al.98*	34		88	72
Sommer et al.123†	112		74	63
			88 (good quality)	91 (good quality)
Bogaert et al.113	19		85–92	50–83
Dewey et al.115	15‡	SSFP	86	98
Maintz et al.119		TFE	92	67
		SSFP	81	82
Ozgun et al.120	20	SSFP	82	82
Jahnke et al.116	21	SSFP	79	91
Prospective navigators with real-time correction whole-heart SSFP
Sakuma et al.121	101		82	91
Jahnke et al.117	55		78	91
Sakuma et al.122	106		82	90
Kim et al.118	109		93 (patient)	59 (patient)
			100 (LM/3VD)	85 (LM/3VD)

3D indicates 3-dimensional; CMR, cardiovascular magnetic resonance; LM/3VD, left main coronary artery or 3-vessel disease; SSFP, steady-state free precession; and TFE, turbo fast-echo.

^*Excludes 5 patients for “lack of cooperation” and 15 segments for being uninterpretable.

^†Based on 74% of coronary artery segments analyzable by CMR.

^‡Based on 60% of patients with good free breathing CMR images.