Table 3.
Probability of Any Use/Expenditure | Level of Use¶ | Expenditures¶ | |
---|---|---|---|
DCG category 1† | |||
Total outpatient care∥ | −.15 | — | −0.25 |
Primary care physician | −.35 | −0.24 | −0.12 |
Specialty physician | .31 | 0.12 | 0.05 |
Outpatient | .08 | −0.23 | −0.33 |
Emergency room | −.88* | −1.38 | −0.68 |
Prescription drugs | .13 | −0.17 | 0.24 |
Subcategories of prescription drugs | |||
Preferred (brand) | .63* | 0.37 | 0.15 |
Nonpreferred (brand) | −.04 | 0.68 | 0.60 |
Generic | .02 | −0.26 | −0.16 |
Essential | .41 | 0.07 | 0.58 |
Discretionary | .35 | −0.27 | −0.57 |
DCG category 2‡ | |||
Total outpatient care∥ | −.24 | — | 0.83** |
Primary care physician | −.14 | −0.57** | −0.28 |
Specialty physician | .75 | −0.14 | −0.03 |
Outpatient | −.03 | −0.65 | 0.69 |
Emergency room | −.76 | −0.06 | −0.11 |
Prescription drugs | .96 | 0.42* | 0.53 |
Subcategories of prescription drugs | |||
Preferred (brand) | .12 | 0.75* | 0.80 |
Nonpreferred (brand) | −.02 | 0.46 | 0.25 |
Generic | 1.15** | 0.68** | 0.63 |
Essential | .88 | 0.60 | −0.19 |
Discretionary | .47 | 0.38 | −0.01 |
DCG category 3 or higher§ | |||
Total outpatient care∥ | .99 | — | −0.08 |
Primary care physician | 1.16 | −0.32 | −0.08 |
Specialty physician | .99 | 0.32 | 0.35 |
Outpatient | −.53 | −0.14 | −0.15 |
Emergency room | −.003 | −0.77 | −0.87 |
Prescription drugs | 1.74 | 0.04 | −0.25 |
Subcategories of prescription drugs | |||
Preferred (brand) | −.16 | −0.30 | 0.01 |
Nonpreferred (brand) | 1.40** | −0.21 | −0.09 |
Generic | 2.25* | −0.003 | −0.29 |
Essential | −.55 | 0.15 | −0.11 |
Discretionary | 2.16** | 0.008 | −0.88 |
Expected cost=0.02–0.54 × average cost.
Expected cost=0.54–2.69 × average cost.
Expected cost (≥2.7 × average cost).
Conditional on any level of use/expenditures.
Sum of all expenditures in PCP, specialty physician, outpatient, ER, and prescription drugs.
Significant at the p≤.05 level
Significant at the p≤.01 level.