Table 4.

High Pharmaceutical Expenditure Enrollees: Health Care Utilization and Expenditures, HDHP versus Controls (Difference in Differences Coefficients)

	Probability of Any Use/Expenditure	Level of Use†	Expenditures†
Total outpatient care‡	.87	—	−0.30
Primary care physician	−.14	−0.53**	−0.40
Specialty physician	−.15	0.25	0.20
Outpatient	−.85*	0.07	0.14
Emergency room	−.85	−0.84	−0.94
Prescription drugs	−2.50	0.15	−0.13
Subcategories of prescription drugs
Preferred (brand)	−1.24*	0.01	−0.01
Nonpreferred (brand)	.44	0.15	0.14
Generic
Essential	−.12	0.20	−0.16
Discretionary	−.63	0.18	−0.88

^†Conditional on any level of use/expenditures.

^‡Sum of all expenditures in PCP, specialty physician, outpatient, ER, and prescription drugs.

^*Significant at the p≤.05 level.

^**Significant at the p≤.01 level.