Table 2.
Results from Cox proportional hazard analyses examining risk of COPD exacerbations between study cohorts (“risk population”)
| COPD-related utilization | Ipratropiuma n = 14,449 | Tiotropiuma n = 12,659 |
|---|---|---|
| Hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)b,c | ||
| Outpatient visit with oral corticosteroid | 1.65 (1.41–1.94) | 1.49 (1.26–1.76) |
| Outpatient visit with antibiotic | 1.39 (1.23–1.57) | 1.33 (1.17–1.51) |
| Emergency department visit | 1.78 (1.59–2.00) | 1.33 (1.17–1.51) |
| Hospitalization or emergency department visit | 1.64 (1.50–1.79) | 1.29 (1.17–1.41) |
Notes:
a
With reference to the FSC cohort;
b
The postindex date period ranged from 3 to 12 months; follow-up began on day 30 following initiation of initial maintenance therapy;
c
Adjusted for age, gender, treatment, and comorbidities and COPD-related health care utilization at baseline.
Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FSC, fluticasone propionate/salmeterol combination.