Table 3.

Race/ethnic-specific regression coefficients reflecting expected change in plasma HDL-cholesterol or TAG concentrations (mg/l) per 5-unit change in percentage of energy from dietary carbohydrate or total dietary fat and per 2-unit change in percentage energy from dietary saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA) or polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) in 4510 non-Hispanic white, African-American, Hispanic and Chinese-American men and women from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

(β Coefficients with their standard errors)

	Non-Hispanic whites (n 1868)		African-Americans (n 1111)		Hispanics (n 952)		Chinese-Americans (n 579)
	β	se	β	se	β	se	β	se	P for interaction between race/ ethnicity and macronutrient intake
Predicted change in plasma HDL-cholesterol    (mg/l)†‡
Dietary carbohydrate	−8·9**	2	−1·4	3	−1·8	3	−6·6*	3	0·02
Total dietary fat	8·5**	2	0·4	3	0·1	3	8·5*	4	0·14
Dietary SFA	8·0**	2	−0·4	3	−1·1	3	12*	5	0·03
Dietary PUFA	4·9	3	4·7	4	−2·9	3	1	3	0·44
Dietary MUFA	6·9**	2	−0·7	3	2·3	3	4·8	3	0·14
Predicted change in plasma TAG    (mg/l)†§
Dietary carbohydrate	14	9	−0·9	8	14	15	57**	19	0·06
Dietary total fat	−18	11	−5·0	10	−13	17	−68**	21	0·16
Dietary SFA	−22*	9	14	10	−11	16	−28*	16	0·22
Dietary PUFA	−19	15	−29*	13	−0·3	15	−40**	15	0·10
Dietary MUFA	−4·7	10	−6·9	10	−14	16	−28	16	0·55

^*P<0·05

^**P<0·01.

^†Adjusted for model 2 covariates: study centre, sex, race/ethnicity, age, energy intake, education level, physical activity, smoking status, smoking pack years, alcoholic drinks per week and BMI.

^‡To convert HDL-cholesterol from mg/l to mmol/l, multiply by 0·00259.

^§To convert TAG from mg/l to mmol/l, multiply by 0·00113.