Table 1.
Maternal Demographic and Pregnancy Characteristics in Rural Areas by Degree of Urban Influence and in Urban Areas, for First Nations and Non-First Nations Births to Manitoba Residents, Canada 1991–2000
| Characteristics | Rural by Urban Influence* |
Urban | P Value in Tests for Differences | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Weak | Moderate/Strong | |||
| First Nations | |||||
| All births, N | 5,507 | 8,623 | 1,899 | 9,114 | |
| Male sex, % | 51.2 | 51.2 | 49.5 | 51.3 | .57 |
| Multiple birth, % | 1.7 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.9 | .28 |
| Primiparae, % | 27.1 | 28.5 | 30.7 | 30.2 | .0001 |
| Unmarried, % | 63.5 | 71.1 | 72.9 | 83.8 | <.0001 |
| Maternal age, % | .02 | ||||
| <20 y | 25.6 | 24.8 | 23.0 | 23.3 | |
| 20–34 y | 70.1 | 70.4 | 72.3 | 71.8 | |
| ≥35 y | 4.3 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.9 | |
| Non-First Nations | |||||
| All births, N | 2,958 | 17,862 | 18,534 | 86,375 | |
| Male sex, % | 50.0 | 51.9 | 51.5 | 51.3 | .1681 |
| Multiple birth, % | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.4 | .3343 |
| Primiparae, % | 31.8 | 35.9 | 38.4 | 46.0 | <.0001 |
| Unmarried, % | 30.8 | 24.2 | 18.3 | 26.9 | <.0001 |
| Maternal age, % | <.0001 | ||||
| <20 y | 10.9 | 8.8 | 6.4 | 7.0 | |
| 20–34 y | 80.5 | 83.0 | 84.0 | 80.4 | |
| ≥35 y | 8.6 | 8.3 | 9.7 | 12.6 | |
*
Urban influence was determined according to work force commuting flows between rural areas and urban centers.