Scheme illustrating the hypotheses regarding the homologies of the pectoral and arm muscles of adults of representative amphibian and reptilian taxa, as well as of the mammal Rattus norvegicus. It should be noted that many of these hypotheses have been previously proposed by the authors of the works that we reviewed in order to prepare the present paper; that is, the information shown in this table is based on the works of those authors and on our own dissections and comparisons (see text). The nomenclature of the muscles follows that used in the text