Table 5.

Recommendations for Administration of Prophylactic Antibiotics for Routine Interventional Radiologic Procedures

Procedure	Organisms	Agent	Dose
Vascular procedures including diagnostic angiography, angioplasty, atherectomy, stent placement, and caval filter placement (clean)	None	None
Arterial stent graft placement (aortic, iliac, superficial femoral)	Staphylococcus	Cefazolin	1 g IV
Chemoembolization of the liver or embolization at other sites intended to produce necrosis (clean, but results in necrotic tissue that may become infected)	Escherichia coli	Ampicillin and gentamicin	2 g IV
	Klebsiella
	Enterobacter		1.5 mg/kg
	Enterococcus		IV
	Clostridium
Uterine artery embolization	E. coli	Cefazolin or ampicillin	1 g IV
	Klebsiella		2 g IV
	Enterobacter
	Enterococcus
Subcutaneous venous access ports, immunocompetent patients (clean, but foreign body inserted in area of subcutaneous dissection)	None	None
Subcutaneous venous access ports, immunocompromised patients (clean, but foreign body inserted in area of subcutaneous dissection)	Staphylococcus	Cefazolin	1 g IV
Transhepatic cholangiography and percutaneous biliary drainage (clean or clean-contaminated), no evidence of biliary infection and no prior surgery or instrumentation	Klebsiella	Ceftriaxone	1 g IV
	Enterobacter
	E. coli
Transhepatic cholangiography and percutaneous biliary drainage (clean or clean-contaminated), prior bilioenteric anastomosis or instrumentation	Klebsiella	Piperacillin-tazobactam or ticarcillin–clavulanic acid or ampicillin-sulbactam	Depends on agent
	Enterobacter
	E. coli
	Enterococcus
Biliary tube replacement (clean-contaminated)	Klebsiella	Ceftriaxone or piperacillin-tazobactam or ticarcillin–clavulanic acid or ampicillin-sulbactam	Depends on agent
	Enterobacter
	E. coli
	Enterococcus
Radiofrequency ablation of liver tumor	Klebsiella	Ceftriaxone or piperacillin-tazobactam or ticarcillin–clavulanic acid or ampicillin-sulbactam	Depends on agent
	Enterobacter
	E. coli
	Enterococcus
Percutaneous gastrostomy (clean-contaminated)	None	Cefazolin	1 g IV
Antegrade pyelography and percutaneous nephrostomy (clean or clean-contaminated)	None	Cefazolin	1 g IV
Nephrostomy tube change (clean-contaminated)	E. coli	None
	P. mirabilis
	Enterococcus
	Pseudomonas
Abdominal fluid aspiration of uninfected ascites, lymphocele or simple hepatic or renal cyst (clean)	None	None