Table 3. Predicted Probabilities (95% Confidence Intervals) of Mortality by Socioeconomic Factors Modified by Age, Adjusted for Gender, Urban-Rural Status, Religion, Fixed Effects on States: Indian Human Development Survey, 2004-2005.
| Infants (<1 y) | Young Children (1–5 y) | Children/Adolescents (6–18 y) | Young Adults (19–44 y) | Middle-Aged Adults (45–64 y) | Elderly ( = 65 y) | |||||||
| PP1 | (95% CI) | PP | (95% CI) | PP | (95% CI) | PP | (95% CI) | PP | (95% CI) | PP | (95% CI) | |
| Caste | ||||||||||||
| Brahmin | 25.9 | (8.7–74.7)** | 14.3 | (2.7–72.2)** | 1.8 | (0.5–6.1) | 1.8 | (0.7–4.7) | 11.9 | (4.5–31.0) | 48.1 | (21.9–102.3) |
| High caste | 4.24 | (1.1–16.2) | 1.8 | (0.6–5.3) | 1.6 | (0.6–4.1) | 2.1 | (1.0–4.6) | 7.7 | (3.8–15.5) | 35.6 | (18.1–68.6) |
| Other Backward Classes | 33.5 | (15.4–71.6)** | 4.1 | (1.8–9.6) | 1.2 | (0.5–2.6) | 2.5 | (1.2–5.4) | 9.6 | (4.7–19.7) | 46.4 | (23.6–89.0) |
| Scheduled Castes | 30.9 | (12.7–73.0)** | 4.0 | (1.8–8.7) | 1.8 | (0.8–4.1) | 2.3 | (1.1–4.9) | 8.7 | (4.4–17.1) | 83.1 | (32.1–198.7)* |
| Scheduled Tribes | 38.0 | (14.0–99.1)** | 7.4 | (2.9–18.6) | 0.5 | (0.1–1.9)** | 3.2 | (1.4–7.3) | 6.9 | (2.9–16.1) | 46.8 | (21.0–100.9) |
| No caste (Muslim) | 22.1 | (9.6–50.1)** | 4.4 | (1.9–10.2) | 0.5 | (0.1–1.3)** | 2.5 | (1.0–6.0) | 6.1 | (2.8–13.4) | 50.9 | (24.3–103.4) |
| No caste (Sikh, Jain) | -- | -- | -- | 2.0 | (0.6–7.0) | 6.3 | (1.9–20.3) | 29.7 | (10.7–79.7) | |||
| No caste (Christian) | -- | 1.7 | (0.2–13.0) | -- | 1.8 | (0.4–7.0) | 12.4 | (5.0–30.7) | 41.2 | (16.8–97.5) | ||
| Income | ||||||||||||
| Top quintile | 14.1 | (5.7–34.3) | 2.2 | (0.8–5.6) | 1.1 | (0.5–2.7) | 1.6 | (0.7–3.5) | 5.0 | (2.5–10.2) | 47.6 | (24.4–90.7) |
| Second quintile | 18.0 | (7.7–41.6) | 2.8 | (1.2–12.3) | 0.6 | (0.2–1.5) | 2.1 | (1.0–4.5) | 5.4 | (2.6–11.4) | 36.4 | (17.9–72.6) |
| Third quintile | 28.4 | (12.3–64.3) | 6.1 | (2.1–17.6)* | 1.3 | (0.5–3.1) | 1.5 | (0.7–3.3) | 7.6 | (3.4–17.0) | 60.8 | (29.3–122.0) |
| Fourth quintile | 39.4 | (16.0–94.2) | 5.3 | (2.3–12.3) | 1.7 | (0.6–4.3) | 2.7 | (1.0–6.8) | 14.5 | (6.0–34.8) | 65.5 | (19.5–198.5) |
| Bottom quintile | 37.9 | (14.8–93.6) | 6.1 | (2.6–14.1) | 1.4 | (0.6–3.5) | 4.2 | (1.9–9.2) | 12.3 | (5.5–27.2) | 52.2 | (24.6–107.1)** |
| Household Assets | ||||||||||||
| Top quintile | -- | -- | -- | 0.6 | (0.1–3.9) | 6.7 | (2.7–16.1) | 55.1 | (27.0–109.1) | |||
| Second quintile | 11.5 | (3.7–34.7)** | 0.5 | (0.1–3.3)** | 0.2 | (0.0–1.7)** | 1.7 | (0.8–3.5) | 7.1 | (3.7–13.4) | 51.1 | (27.8–92.3) |
| Third quintile | 41.6 | (19.6–86.4)** | 6.0 | (2.2–16.2)** | 1.3 | (0.5–3.1)** | 2.1 | (1.1–4.2) | 14.2 | (6.7–29.9) | 65.5 | (33.5–124.1) |
| Fourth quintile | 49.5 | (23.3–101.9)** | 8.3 | (3.3–20.2)** | 2.6 | (1.3–5.2)** | 5.4 | (2.7–10.6) | 18.6 | (9.0–38.0) | 114.4 | (49.0–244.9) |
| Bottom quintile | 71.5 | (34.1–143.7)** | 13.0 | (6.3–26.4)** | 3.5 | (1.6–7.9)** | 6.8 | (3.3–14.1) | 15.9 | (7.8–32.3) | 93.5 | (49.6–169.6)* |
| Monthly Consumption per Capita | ||||||||||||
| Top quintile | 17.4 | (7.7–38.9) | 2.1 | (0.8–5.9) | 1.2 | (0.5–2.9) | 1.7 | (0.8–3.5) | 6.8 | (3.3–13.9) | 40.0 | (20.5–76.2) |
| Second quintile | 13.4 | (5.7–31.2) | 1.4 | (0.6–3.5) | 0.7 | (0.3–1.7) | 1.4 | (0.6–3.2) | 4.2 | (2.0–8.7) | 21.1 | (10.7–41.3) |
| Third quintile | 9.3 | (3.9–21.9) | 1.5 | (0.5–4.0) | 0.4 | (0.2–0.8) | 0.5 | (0.2–1.0) | 2.3 | (1.1–4.9) | 18.0 | (8.8–36.6) |
| Fourth quintile | 9.8 | (4.2–22.7) | 2.1 | (0.9–5.1) | 0.2 | (0.1–0.5)** | 0.9 | (0.4–1.9) | 2.9 | (1.3–6.4) | 21.5 | (7.3–61.4) |
| Bottom quintile | 5.7 | (2.1–15.5) | 0.9 | (0.4–2.0) | 0.3 | (0.1–0.8) | 0.5 | (0.2–1.2) | 2.0 | (0.9–4.4) | 10.0 | (4.8–21.0) |
1
PP: Predicted probabilities of mortality per 1000 persons given the individual is a male living in the city, who belongs in the High Caste and living in the top quintile of household income, assets ownership and monthly consumption per capita.
*significance with p-value <0.10,
**significance with p-value <0.05.